1. 할당 영역 : 스택, 힙 , 데이터
2. 할당 시기 : 프로그램 실행시마다..
3. 할당 구조 :
* Data Area : 프로그램 시작 ~ 종료
* Stack Area : 함수 호출 완료시 사라짐
* Heap Area : 프로그래머 관리 영역
4. 프로그램 실행 및 메모리 흐름
void fct1(int);
void fct2(int);
/* Data Area */
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
/* main() 호출 : stack 할당 */
int main(void)
{
int m = 123; // stack
/* fct1() 호출: Stack 영역 할당 */
fct1(m); // stack : c = 123, d = 30
/* fct1() 할당 해제 */
/* fct2() 호출: Stack 영역 할당 */
fct2(m); // stack : e = 123, f = 40
/* fct2() 할당 해제 */
return 0;
}
/* main() 할당 해제 */
void fct1(int c)
{
int d = 30;
}
void fct2(int e)
{
int f = 40;
}
◆ 텍스트 : 프로그램의 실행 코드인 기계어 코드와 읽기 전용 데이터 등을 가진다(CPU가 읽어들여 수행한다고 해서 텍스트라고 부르며, 코드 영역이라고도 한다).
◆ 데이터 : C언어에서 전역 변수, 정적 변수 등으로 선언된 변수 영역(읽기/쓰기 가능)
◆ 힙 : 프로그램 수행 중 malloc(), free() 등의 시스템 콜로 할당되고, 해지되는 메모리 영역
◆ 스택 : C언어의 함수 호출시 지역 변수와 인수, 함수의 수행이 끝났을 때 리턴할 주소(return address)를 푸시한다(함수가 끝나면 이 값을 팝하고 리턴하게 된다).
(출처 : '프로세스 메모리 구조와 멀티쓰레드' - 네이버 지식iN)
데이터(data영역)
전역변수와 static변수가 할당되는 곳이다.
프로그램의 시작과 동시에 할당되고 종료되어야만 메모리에서 소멸된다.
즉.. 종료되어야만 없어진다는것.. ㅋ
스택(stcak영역)
지역변수와 매개변수가 저장되는곳이다
함수호출이 완료되면 사라진다.
힙(heap영역)
프로그래머가 관리하는 메모리 영역이다
즉.. 동적할당하면 여기 생성된다.
중요한것이 있단다..
배열선언은 반드시 상수로 해야한다..
ex>int m=10;
int a[m];
전제조건을 달자..
스택과 데이터영역에 할당될 메모리의 크기는 컴파일되는 동안에 결정되어야 한다 ..
출처 : http://blog.naver.com/toc21c/120027765357
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[ppt] 메모리 할당에 관한 좋은 자료.ppt
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